Yes, attitudes have changed, and many of them should be.
The "more civilized" times that people like to lament are also the same times that said it was ok to fire someone for being gay, or ethnic, or disabled, only a man and women could get married, and hosts of other discriminatory and racist views.
Yes, I don't live in the " its ok to lock up Japanese people times" or the "its ok to have black people go to separate schools" times, or the "indian kids get taken from their parents" times, those people were definately more civilized...
Most of these "civilized" tolerances you describe are merely indulgences and allowances of a society at the peak of its power. And these indulgences are also not the very principles or foundations on which they gained their power. This society has risen to power on the backs of brutal exploitation, theft, racism, intolerance, violence and strategic wars to propel itself to the top of the heap. Once there it can afford to spread a little of the booty (internally of course - not toward those they currently exploit to maintain dominance).
This society has not reached a civilized state...it is merely enjoying the fruits of being at the top. No single empire or state in it's rise to power has employed any measure of the "civilized" qualities you mentioned! Though they may exist, they are not policy to employ the handicapped (or the non productive). The rise of a civilization does not cater to the old, the foreign, the time wasters, the unproductive, or those unable to contribute. If you can't have children or would rather not contribute to the population, then you fade away as you are passed by others in the society. If you are disabled, then you receive less, and that is your lot in life. If you are ethnic, you are exploited as a foreigner not entitled to the same rewards, because you have not paid your (local) dues.
Every wave of immigrant to the US was treated badly as it rose to power, not to mention the blacks and the Natives. Homosexuality wasn't even an issue. There was no time for it! The handicapped sat on the sidelines while the most productive members of society led the rise in power. There is no time to coddle and tolerate every fringe element of society in these times.
But those times are over, and everyone gets to share as long as they swear some cheap oath. Every race is "tolerated" in a vain attempt to cover a disgusting past! Any form of vice is tolerated because it is simply too daunting a task to stop it from happening (referring to the collapse of prohibition and the coming collapse of the "war on drugs"). Reproduction and productivity are not the mantras of this time, rather fun and self pleasure are. This is the time to bask in the glory of a "civilization" forged and bestowed upon us by a cruel ancestry. We can neither face that past honestly, nor free ourselves from the seduction of enjoying the rewards of it. We cannot give this "civilization" back to the Blacks, Natives, or ethnics...so we cover it with a false sense of morality...this new liberalism, this new pluralism, which only extends within the borders of "Rome", and not to the "savages" because it is false morality and it doesn't apply elsewhere, it cannot. Life cannot be about tolerating everything, that is an indulgence. Certain principles are diametrically opposed...
That is why being scornful of "discrimination" is an interesting coming from a lawyer...whose very job is to discriminate! The law IS discrimination! Law by its nature is the antithesis of tolerance!
Both "tolerance" and "discrimination" are buzz words and relative. They have lost the nuances and are applied universally. While society, through time, and over regions applies both those words to varrying degrees. Tolerating homosexuality and gay marriage is not a sign of moral, civilized, or enlightened times! It is merely a shade of "tolerance / discrimination" apart from the very conduct utilized to acquire power. And these new ethics are even exploited to "discriminate" against other cultures and trigger wars of resource acquisition in the name of "universal human rights"...once again, we change our views to suite our motives, and we easily cast aside the debt we owe to those we have wronged against, painting ourselves as morally above those we conquer.
I am more "civilized" for allowing gay marriage, therefore I can urge the security council to act against your savage nation. I am more "civilized" because I am an evolved species of humanity and therefore I can cleanse my society of the weaker races. I am more "civilized" because I believe in God, and you are a savage. I am more "civilized" because I am white in the image of God, and you are Black. I am more "civilized" because I have a new godless code of ethics, a higher humanist morality, and you are a backward medieval fanatic.
If anything we are no more moral or ethical than we ever were. Homosexuality, incest, various forms of promiscuity and vice were and have always been tolerated and encouraged at the height of various empires and "civilizations". We all go through cycles, we all get to the top and think we are untouchable, infallible and righteous. Nor are we so, and nor was our rise to this power.
We are and will always be the same in the over all grand scheme of things. We are not better off as a mass of people, one better than the next state or culture, however within us, there are some individuals who are better than others, from every society these people exist and have existed. But we are not "civilized" here, the way we would like to think ourselves to be.