I was thinking they were Canada Savings Bonds but stupid apparently killed them in 2017 as they were too transparent. It's hard to find many recent figures (shining light on anything just exposes incompetence and kickbacks). It looks like most (75%+) of the debt was issued by banks/insurance companies/pension funds, etc. but afaict, they aren't required to hold it. Royal bank could lend Canada 1B with a promise to repay 1.x in 10 years and then sell that to Musk for 1.1 to book a quick 100M profit and get the loan off their books.
As for the math, that's ~$31,000 for every person in Canada and climbing fast. Assuming that half have no ability to pay (young, low income, etc) and that there is debt for every person at other levels of government as well, what's the end game? Is it possible for a government to issue a special assessment like a condo? Here is your $62,000 bill Gary for your part of the debt. You can pay it in full now or you can pay it over time at 10% interest. Like a tax debt, it gets first crack at your estate to settle anything outstanding. I should shut up, I may give stupid ideas and he would have a press conference with his stupid smile and brag about how he managed to save us from debt.